Department of Environmental and Health Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 41-60 of 72
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Human papillomavirus types in women with invasive cervical carcinoma by HIV status in Kenya
(Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company, 2008)To evaluate the fraction of invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC) that could be prevented in HIV-infected women by vaccines currently available against human papillomavirus (HPV)16 and 18, we conducted a cross-sectional study ... -
Predictors of cervical cancer screening among Kenyan women: results of a nested case-control study in a nationally representative survey
(BioMed Central, 2018)Background: Cervical cancer is a major public health concern in Kenya. It is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among women. Although screening is an effective prevention method, uptake is low among ... -
Opportunities to improve postpartum care for mothers and infants: design of context-specific packages of postpartum interventions in rural districts in four sub-Saharan African countries
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Postpartum maternal and infant mortality is high in sub-Saharan Africa and improving postpartum care as a strategy to enhance maternal and infant health has been neglected. We describe the design and selection ... -
“They Destroy the Reproductive System”: Exploring the Belief that Modern Contraceptive Use Causes Infertility
(2018)A common reason for nonuse of modern contraceptives is concern about side effects and health complications. This article provides a detailed characterization of the belief that modern contraceptives cause infertility, and ... -
Teamwork in Qualitative Research: Descriptions of a Multicountry Team Approach
(SAGE Publications, 2017)Multicountry teamwork in qualitative research is receiving increased recognition in an attempt to address global health problems. We report our experience of teamwork implementing a multicountry study (Zambia, South Africa, ... -
The effects of HIV-1 Tat protein on cell cycle during cervical carcinogenesis
(Taylor & Francis, 2006)The role of HPV in the carcinogenesis of intraepithelial and invasive anogenital lesions is currently well established. E6 and E7 oncoproteins of high-risk HPV genotypes are known to inactivate p53 and pRb pathways. ... -
HIV and cervical cancer in Kenya
(2001)Objecti es: To determine the effect of the HIV epidemic on invasive cervical cancer in Kenya. Methods: Of the 3902 women who were diagnosed with reproductive tract malignancies at Kenyatta National Hospital KNH from Ž ... -
Analysis of Factors Contributing to the Low Survival of Cervical Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy in Kenya
(Public Library of Science, 2023)Background: In contrast to the developed nations, invasive cervical cancer (ICC) is the most common womens malignancy in Kenya and many other locations in sub-Saharan Africa. However, studies on survival from this disease ... -
Effect of a syphilis control programme on pregnancy outcome in Nairobi, Kenya
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2000)Objectives: To assess the impact of a syphilis control programme of pregnant women on preg nancy outcome in Kenya. Method: Women who came to deliver to Pumwani Maternity Hospital (PMH) between April 1997 and March 1998 ... -
Trends in contraceptive prevalence rates in sub-Saharan Africa since the 2012 London Summit on Family Planning: results from repeated cross-sectional surveys
(Elsevier, 2019-07-01)Background The Family Planning 2020 (FP2020) initiative, launched at the 2012 London Summit on Family Planning, aims to enable 120 million additional women to use modern contraceptive methods by 2020 in the world's 69 ... -
HIV incidence among women using intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, a copper intrauterine device, or a levonorgestrel implant for contraception: a randomised, multicentre, open-label trial
(Elsevier Ltd, 2019-06-13)Background Observational and laboratory studies suggest that some hormonal contraceptive methods, particularly intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM), might increase women's susceptibility to HIV ... -
Knowledge and practice about cervical cancer and Pap smear testing among patients at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
(International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2003-12-11)Gichangi P, Estambale B, Bwayo J, Rogo K, Ojwang S, Opiyo A, Temmerman M. Knowledge and practice about cervical cancer and Pap smear testing among patients at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. Int J Gynecol ... -
The effect of Kenya’s free maternal health care policy on the utilization of health facility delivery services and maternal and neonatal mortality in public health facilities
(BioMed Central, 2018-03-27)Background: Kenya abolished delivery fees in all public health facilities through a presidential directive effective on June 1, 2013 with an aim of promoting health facility delivery service utilization and reducing ... -
Exploring the willingness toward HIV immediate test and treat among MSM in Nairobi and its environs: a cross-sectional study
(Front. Public Health, 2024-01)Background: In the test and treat initiative, high-risk populations are screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and start early treatment if diagnosed positive. This study explores factors associated with ... -
Anemia among Children Exposed to Polyparasitism in Coastal Kenya
(The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2015)Anemia represents a substantial problem for children living in areas with limited resources and significant parasite burden. We performed a cross-sectional study of 254 Kenyan preschool- and early school-age children in a ... -
Use of prospective hospital surveillance data to define spatiotemporal heterogeneity of malaria risk in coastal Kenya
(Malaria Journal, 2015)Background: Malaria in coastal Kenya shows spatial heterogeneity and seasonality, which are important factors to account for when planning an effective control system. Routinely collected data at health facilities can be ... -
Dengue and west Nile virus transmission in children and adults in coastal Kenya
(American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2017-01-01)Dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are important reemerging arboviruses that are underrecognized in many parts of Africa due to lack of surveillance. As a part of a study on flavivirus, alphavirus, and parasite ... -
Pneumococcal Vaccine Response After Exposure to Parasites in Utero, in Infancy, or Mid-Childhood
(Pediatrics, 2017-04-04)ACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of mortality before age 5, but few studies examine details of childhood response to pneumococcal vaccine in less-developed settings. Although malnutrition, ... -
Development of a Real-Time Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for O'nyong-nyong virus and Evaluation with Clinical and Mosquito Specimens in Kenya
(2017-07-29)O’nyong-nyong virus (ONNV), an alphavirus closely related to chikungunya virus (CHIKV), has been the documented cause of two large outbreaks in east Africa; however, little is known about the contribution of ONNV to cases ... -
Malaria and Chikungunya Detected Using Molecular Diagnostics Among Febrile Kenyan Children
(Infectitious Diseases Society of America, 2017-05-22)Background. In sub-Saharan Africa, malaria is frequently overdiagnosed as the cause of an undifferentiated febrile illness, whereas arboviral illnesses are presumed to be underdiagnosed. Methods. Sera ...